In 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical coordinate representation of the surface of an object (inanimate or living) in three dimensions using special software by manipulating the edges, vertices and polygons in the modeled three-dimensional space.
Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical body using a set of points in three-dimensional space connected by various geometric objects such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc. Being a collection of data (points and other information), 3D models can be created manually, algorithmically (procedural modeling) or by scanning. Their surfaces can be further defined using texturing.The product is called a 3D model, and someone who works with 3D models can be called a 3D artist or 3D modeler.
A 3D model can also be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a process called 3D rendering, or used in computer simulations of physical phenomena.
3D models can be created automatically or manually. The process of manual modeling to prepare geometric data for 3D computer graphics is similar to plastic arts such as sculpture. A 3D model can be physically created using 3D printing devices, which form 2D layers of the model from a 3D material, one layer at a time. Without a 3D model, 3D printing is impossible.
3D modeling software is a class of 3D computer graphics software used to create 3D models. Individual programs in this class are called simulation applications.
The term 3D printing or three-dimensional printing is a form of additive manufacturing technology in which a three-dimensional object is created from material in successive layers. Objects can be created without the need for complex, expensive molds or multi-part assembly. 3D printing allows you to create prototypes and test ideas without having to go through the manufacturing process.
3D models can be purchased from online markets and printed by individuals or companies using commercially available 3D printers, allowing items such as spare parts and even medical equipment to be produced at home.